Allergies in children are a common concern, ranging from mild seasonal symptoms to severe reactions that can affect daily life. Allergies occur when a child’s immune system overreacts to substances like pollen, pet dander, or certain foods. At Intown Pediatric & Adolescent Medicine, we specialize in diagnosing and treating a wide variety of pediatric allergies, helping children manage their symptoms and lead healthier, more comfortable lives. With locations in Glenwood Park, Brookhaven, and Decatur, our Atlanta-based team is dedicated to providing expert allergy care.
Common Allergies in Children
Children can develop allergies to a variety of substances, including environmental allergens, foods, and medications. Some of the most common types of allergies in children include:
Seasonal Allergies (Hay Fever)
Children with seasonal allergies may experience symptoms such as sneezing, itchy eyes, and a runny nose, typically triggered by outdoor allergens like pollen from trees, grass, or weeds.
Food Allergies
Food allergies can cause a range of symptoms, from hives and stomach discomfort to more serious reactions such as difficulty breathing. Common food allergens include peanuts, tree nuts, milk, eggs, wheat, soy, fish, and shellfish.
Dust Mite Allergies
Dust mites are tiny insects that live in bedding, carpets, and furniture. Children allergic to dust mites may have symptoms year-round, including sneezing, coughing, and wheezing.
Pet Allergies
Children allergic to pet dander may experience symptoms when exposed to animals like cats or dogs, including sneezing, itchy skin, and difficulty breathing.
Mold Allergies
Mold spores, which thrive in damp environments, can trigger allergic reactions in sensitive children, leading to symptoms such as nasal congestion, coughing, and itchy eyes.
Insect Sting Allergies
Some children are allergic to the venom of insect stings, such as bees or wasps, which can cause swelling, hives, or in severe cases, anaphylaxis.
Medication Allergies
Certain medications, such as antibiotics, can cause allergic reactions in children, with symptoms ranging from rashes to serious breathing difficulties.
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Pediatric Allergies Testing in Atlanta
Accurate diagnosis is essential for effective allergy management. At Intown Pediatric & Adolescent Medicine, we offer a range of allergy testing methods to identify the specific allergens causing your child’s symptoms. Some common types of pediatric allergy testing include:
Skin Prick Test
In this test, small amounts of allergens are introduced to your child’s skin using a tiny needle. If your child is allergic to a substance, a small bump or rash will appear at the test site within 15 to 20 minutes.
Blood Test (ImmunoCAP)
This test measures the amount of immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies in your child’s blood. Elevated levels of these antibodies suggest an allergic reaction to specific substances.
Elimination Diet
For food allergies, your pediatrician may recommend an elimination diet, where certain foods are removed from your child’s diet to determine which food is causing the allergic reaction.
Patch Testing
This test is used to identify contact allergies, such as reactions to certain chemicals or metals. Small amounts of potential allergens are placed on patches, which are applied to your child’s skin. After 48 hours, the patches are removed and the skin is evaluated for signs of a reaction.
Once we have identified your child’s specific allergies, we can develop a personalized treatment plan to manage symptoms and prevent future allergic reactions.
Treatment for Allergies in Children
Managing allergies in children involves reducing exposure to allergens and treating symptoms when they occur. Treatment options may vary depending on the type and severity of the allergy, but commonly include:
Avoidance of Triggers
The most effective way to prevent allergic reactions is to avoid the allergens that trigger your child’s symptoms. This may involve keeping windows closed during pollen season, using allergy-proof bedding to reduce dust mites, or avoiding certain foods.
Antihistamines
Over-the-counter or prescription antihistamines can help relieve allergy symptoms such as sneezing, itching, and runny nose. These medications block histamine, a chemical released by the immune system during an allergic reaction.
Nasal Steroid Sprays
For children with nasal allergies, steroid sprays can reduce inflammation and relieve symptoms like congestion and postnasal drip. These sprays are often recommended for ongoing management of seasonal or year-round allergies.
Immunotherapy (Allergy Shots)
For children with severe or persistent allergies, immunotherapy may be recommended. This treatment involves gradually introducing small amounts of allergens to your child’s system over time, helping their immune system become less reactive.
Epinephrine Auto-Injector (EpiPen)
For children at risk of severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis), your pediatrician may prescribe an epinephrine auto-injector. This device delivers a quick dose of epinephrine in the event of a serious reaction, helping to prevent life-threatening complications.
Asthma Management
Children with allergic asthma may require additional treatment with inhalers or other medications to manage asthma symptoms triggered by allergens such as pollen or dust.
Preventing Allergies in Children
While some allergies cannot be completely prevented, there are steps you can take to reduce your child’s risk of developing allergic reactions or worsening symptoms. Preventive measures may include:
Breastfeeding
Studies suggest that exclusive breastfeeding for at least six months may help reduce the risk of allergies in infants, particularly food allergies and eczema.
Reducing Allergen Exposure
Limiting your child’s exposure to known allergens can help minimize symptoms. This may involve keeping your home free from dust, washing bedding frequently, and using air filters to reduce indoor allergens.
Managing Outdoor Allergies
For children with seasonal allergies, monitor local pollen counts and limit outdoor activities during peak pollen times. Encourage your child to shower and change clothes after spending time outside to remove pollen from their skin and hair.
Frequently Asked Questions About Pediatric Allergies
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Some children may outgrow certain allergies, such as food or environmental allergies, as they get older. However, others may continue to experience symptoms throughout their lives. Your pediatrician can provide guidance based on your child’s specific allergies.
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Both food and environmental allergies can cause serious reactions, but food allergies are more likely to cause anaphylaxis, a life-threatening allergic reaction. It’s important to follow your pediatrician’s recommendations for managing your child’s allergies to prevent severe reactions.
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Yes, for children with year-round allergies, long-term use of allergy medications such as antihistamines or nasal sprays may be recommended to control symptoms. However, it’s important to consult your pediatrician to determine the best treatment plan.
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Food allergies cause an immune system reaction, which can lead to symptoms such as hives, swelling, or difficulty breathing. Food intolerances, such as lactose intolerance, affect digestion and cause symptoms like bloating or stomach pain. Allergy testing can help determine the cause of your child’s symptoms.
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If your child shows signs of anaphylaxis, such as difficulty breathing, swelling of the face or throat, or a drop in blood pressure, administer an epinephrine auto-injector (if prescribed) and seek emergency medical care immediately.
Schedule an Appointment for Pediatric Allergy Testing and Treatment in Atlanta
If your child is showing signs of allergies or needs comprehensive allergy testing and treatment, contact Intown Pediatric & Adolescent Medicine to schedule an appointment. Our team is committed to helping your child manage their allergies and improve their quality of life in Atlanta, Glenwood Park, Brookhaven, and Decatur.