Eczema, also known as atopic dermatitis, is a common skin condition that affects children, causing dry, itchy, and inflamed skin. Eczema can range from mild to severe, and while it often starts in infancy or early childhood, it can persist into the teenage years. At Intown Pediatric & Adolescent Medicine, we specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric eczema, helping children find relief from symptoms and preventing flare-ups. Serving families throughout Atlanta from our locations in Glenwood Park, Brookhaven, and Decatur, we offer expert care tailored to your child’s specific needs.
What Is Pediatric Eczema?
Eczema is a chronic skin condition that results in dry, red, and itchy patches of skin. It occurs when the skin’s barrier function is weakened, making it less able to retain moisture and more vulnerable to irritants and allergens. Eczema is often linked to other allergic conditions such as asthma and hay fever, and it can be triggered by a variety of factors, including environmental allergens, irritants, and stress.
Eczema is not contagious, but it can cause significant discomfort for children, especially during flare-ups when symptoms worsen.
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Symptoms of Eczema in Children
The symptoms of pediatric eczema can vary depending on the child’s age and the severity of the condition. Common symptoms include:
Dry, Scaly Skin
Eczema causes patches of skin to become dry and rough, with a scaly appearance.
Itching
Intense
Red or Inflamed Patches
The affected areas of skin may appear red, swollen, or inflamed, especially during flare-ups.
Crusting or Oozing
In severe cases, the skin may develop small blisters that ooze fluid and form crusts, particularly if the child scratches the skin excessively.
Thickened Skin
Over time, chronic scratching can cause the skin to thicken, a condition known as lichenification.
Eczema most commonly appears on the face, neck, and the insides of the elbows, knees, and wrists in younger children. In older children, it may also affect areas such as the hands, feet, and scalp.
Pediatric Atopic Dermatitis Treatment
There is no cure for eczema, but with the right treatment plan, symptoms can be managed, and flare-ups can be minimized. At Intown Pediatric & Adolescent Medicine, we develop personalized treatment plans based on the severity of your child’s eczema and the triggers that may be causing flare-ups. Pediatric atopic dermatitis treatment typically includes:
Moisturizing
Keeping the skin hydrated is one of the most important steps in managing eczema. Applying a thick, fragrance-free moisturizer multiple times a day, especially after bathing, can help restore the skin’s barrier and reduce dryness. Moisturizers in the form of ointments or creams are usually more effective than lotions.
Topical Steroids
Corticosteroid creams or ointments are often prescribed to reduce inflammation and relieve itching during flare-ups. These medications should be used as directed by your pediatrician to avoid side effects, such as thinning of the skin.
Topical Calcineurin Inhibitors
For children with moderate to severe eczema, non-steroid topical medications such as calcineurin inhibitors may be used to reduce inflammation and prevent flare-ups. These medications are often recommended for sensitive areas, such as the face or around the eyes, where steroids may not be suitable for long-term use.
Antihistamines
Oral antihistamines may be prescribed to help control itching, particularly at night when itching can disrupt sleep. Non-sedating antihistamines are commonly used during the day, while sedating options may be recommended for nighttime use.
Wet Wrap Therapy
For severe eczema, wet wrap therapy may be recommended. This involves applying topical medication to the affected areas, covering them with wet bandages, and then wrapping the skin with a dry layer. This method helps keep the skin moisturized and allows the medication to penetrate more deeply.
Managing Triggers
Identifying and avoiding triggers that worsen your child’s eczema is essential for long-term management. Common triggers include harsh soaps, detergents, certain fabrics (like wool), allergens (such as pollen or pet dander), and stress. Your pediatrician can help identify these triggers and recommend strategies to minimize exposure.
Infection Management
Scratching can break the skin and lead to bacterial infections. If your child’s eczema becomes infected, antibiotics may be prescribed to treat the infection and promote healing.
Preventing Eczema Flare-Ups
While eczema cannot be cured, there are steps you can take to reduce the frequency and severity of flare-ups. Some preventive measures include:
Moisturize Daily
Keeping your child’s skin well-moisturized can help prevent flare-ups by maintaining the skin’s barrier function. Apply moisturizers immediately after bathing to lock in moisture.
Use Gentle Products
Avoid harsh soaps, fragrances, and laundry detergents, as these can irritate the skin. Opt for mild, hypoallergenic products that are free from dyes and perfumes.
Avoid Overheating
Heat and sweating can trigger itching and worsen eczema. Dress your child in loose, breathable clothing and avoid overheating their environment, especially during sleep.
Control Allergens
If allergens like dust mites or pollen trigger your child’s eczema, take steps to reduce exposure, such as using allergy-proof bedding covers and keeping windows closed during high pollen seasons.
Frequently Asked Questions About Pediatric Eczema
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While some children may outgrow eczema as they get older, others may continue to experience symptoms into adolescence or adulthood. The severity of the condition can fluctuate over time, and many children experience fewer flare-ups as they grow.
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It’s recommended to apply moisturizer at least twice a day, especially after bathing. For children with severe eczema, more frequent applications may be necessary to keep the skin hydrated and prevent flare-ups.
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In some cases, food allergies can trigger eczema symptoms, particularly in infants and young children. If you suspect that food may be contributing to your child’s eczema, speak with your pediatrician about allergy testing.
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When used as directed by a pediatrician, topical steroids are generally safe for children and can effectively reduce inflammation during flare-ups. However, long-term use of high-strength steroids should be monitored to avoid potential side effects like skin thinning.
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Keeping your child’s nails trimmed short and using cotton mittens or gloves at night can help prevent them from scratching. Applying cold compresses to the itchy areas and using medications to control itching can also provide relief.
Schedule an Appointment for Eczema Treatment in Atlanta
If your child is struggling with eczema or you need expert guidance on managing pediatric atopic dermatitis, contact Intown Pediatric & Adolescent Medicine to schedule an appointment. Our team provides compassionate care and personalized treatment plans at our locations in Glenwood Park, Brookhaven, and Decatur, serving families throughout Atlanta.