Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder that affects the large intestine, causing chronic abdominal pain, bloating, and changes in bowel habits such as diarrhea or constipation. IBS is more commonly associated with adults but can also affect children, especially during adolescence. At Intown Pediatric & Adolescent Medicine, we offer expert diagnosis and treatment for pediatric IBS, helping families throughout Atlanta manage their child’s symptoms and improve their quality of life.
What Is IBS in Children?
IBS is a chronic condition that affects how the muscles in the intestines contract, leading to irregular bowel movements and discomfort. While the exact cause of IBS is not fully understood, it is believed to be related to a combination of factors, including abnormal gut motility, heightened sensitivity in the digestive tract, stress, and certain dietary triggers. According to the American Academy of Pediatrics, IBS affects approximately 10-15% of children, particularly older children and teens.
IBS is classified into three main types, depending on the predominant symptoms:
- IBS with diarrhea (IBS-D)
- IBS with constipation (IBS-C)
- IBS with mixed bowel habits (IBS-M)
Although IBS does not cause permanent damage to the intestines, it can significantly affect a child’s daily life, particularly their ability to attend school, participate in activities, and enjoy social interactions.
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Signs and Symptoms of IBS in Children
The symptoms of IBS in children can vary widely from one child to another, but common signs to watch for include:
Chronic or recurring abdominal pain
Pain is often located in the lower abdomen and may improve after a bowel movement.
Changes in bowel habits
Children may experience diarrhea, constipation, or alternating between both.
Bloating and gas
Persistent bloating or a feeling of fullness is common in children with IBS.
Mucus in the stool
Some children with IBS may notice a whitish mucus in their stool.
Urgency to use the bathroom
Children may feel an urgent need to have a bowel movement, often accompanied by discomfort.
Fatigue and difficulty concentrating
Ongoing digestive discomfort can lead to fatigue and affect a child’s focus at school or during activities.
If your child is experiencing these symptoms, it’s important to consult a pediatrician to rule out other potential causes and determine the best course of treatment.
Diagnosing IBS in Children
At Intown Pediatric & Adolescent Medicine, our pediatricians conduct a comprehensive evaluation to diagnose IBS in children. This includes reviewing your child’s medical history, symptoms, and bowel habits. To rule out other gastrointestinal conditions such as celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), or food intolerances, additional diagnostic tests may be recommended, such as:
Stool tests
To check for infections, blood, or inflammation in the digestive system.
Blood tests
To rule out underlying medical conditions like celiac disease or anemia.
Abdominal imaging
In some cases, imaging studies such as an abdominal ultrasound may be used to evaluate the intestines and surrounding organs.
Once other potential causes are ruled out, and the symptoms align with IBS criteria, a diagnosis can be made, and a treatment plan will be developed.
Treatment for Pediatric IBS
While there is no cure for IBS, treatment focuses on managing symptoms and improving your child’s quality of life. At Intown Pediatric & Adolescent Medicine, we create personalized treatment plans that address the unique needs of each child. Treatment options may include:
Dietary Modifications
Diet plays a significant role in managing IBS symptoms. Identifying and eliminating trigger foods can help reduce symptoms like abdominal pain, bloating, and changes in bowel habits. Common dietary adjustments include:
Increasing fiber intake
For children with IBS-C (constipation), a fiber-rich diet can help regulate bowel movements.
Low-FODMAP diet
A low-FODMAP diet involves limiting certain types of carbohydrates that are poorly absorbed by the gut, such as fructose, lactose, and sorbitol. This diet can help reduce bloating and diarrhea in children with IBS.
Avoiding trigger foods
Spicy, fatty, or processed foods may exacerbate IBS symptoms. Keeping a food diary can help identify specific triggers.
Medications
Depending on the severity of your child’s symptoms, medications may be prescribed to help manage IBS. These may include:
Antispasmodics
Medications that reduce muscle spasms in the intestines and relieve abdominal pain.
Laxatives or stool softeners
For children with IBS-C, laxatives or stool softeners may help regulate bowel movements.
Anti-diarrheal medications
For children with IBS-D, these medications can help reduce the frequency of diarrhea.
Probiotics
Probiotic supplements may help improve gut health and reduce symptoms such as bloating and gas.
Behavioral Therapy
Stress and anxiety can worsen IBS symptoms, so managing emotional well-being is an important part of treatment. Behavioral therapy, including cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), can help children manage stress, reduce anxiety, and develop coping strategies for dealing with chronic symptoms.
Regular Exercise
Physical activity can help promote healthy digestion and reduce stress. Encouraging your child to stay active with regular exercise, such as walking, swimming, or yoga, can help improve bowel function and overall well-being.
Frequently Asked Questions About Pediatric IBS
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IBS is thought to result from a combination of factors, including abnormal gut motility, heightened sensitivity in the digestive tract, and emotional stress. Certain foods and lifestyle habits can also trigger or worsen symptoms.
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IBS is diagnosed based on a review of symptoms, medical history, and, when necessary, diagnostic tests to rule out other conditions. Stool tests, blood tests, and imaging studies may be used to confirm the diagnosis.
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Common trigger foods for IBS include spicy foods, fatty foods, processed foods, and certain carbohydrates (FODMAPs) that are poorly absorbed by the gut. Keeping a food diary can help identify specific triggers.
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Yes, stress and anxiety can exacerbate IBS symptoms. Behavioral therapy, relaxation techniques, and stress management strategies can help reduce the impact of stress on digestion.
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IBS is a chronic condition, but symptoms can be managed effectively with dietary changes, medication, and lifestyle adjustments. Many children with IBS can lead normal, healthy lives with proper treatment.
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Work with your child’s school to create a supportive environment, such as providing access to the bathroom when needed and allowing for dietary accommodations during meals.
Schedule an Appointment for Pediatric IBS Treatment in Atlanta
If your child is experiencing chronic stomach pain or changes in bowel habits, contact Intown Pediatric & Adolescent Medicine to schedule an appointment. Our team of pediatric experts provides comprehensive care for children with IBS at our locations in Glenwood Park, Brookhaven, and Decatur, serving families across Atlanta.